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The following list is the Character Set codes for most of the available Character Sets, grouped by language or region. It is recommended that when using Character Set codes in a filter that extreme caution be used, and use only the Character Sets absolutely needed to block unwanted mail.

When including the Character Sets in a policy, do not include the “charset=” portion, as this is left in only for reference.

--ARABIC--
ASMO 708 charset=ASMO-708
DOS charset=DOS-720
ISO charset=iso-8859-6
Mac charset=x-mac-arabic
Windows charset=windows-1256
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-Arabic

--BALTIC--
DOS charset=ibm775
ISO charset=iso-8859-4
Windows charset=windows-1257

--CENTRAL EUROPEAN--
DOS charset=ibm852
ISO charset=iso-8859-2
Mac charset=x-mac-ce
Windows charset=windows-1250
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-DenmarkNorway
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-denmarknorway-euro
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-FinlandSweden
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-finlandsweden-euro
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-france-euro
IBM EBCDIC charset=X-EBCDIC-Spain
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-spain-euro

--CHINESE SIMPLIFIED--
EUC charset=EUC-CN
GB2312 charset=gb2312
HZ charset=hz-gb-2312
Mac charset=x-mac-chinesesimp
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-SimplifiedChinese
Government Standard charset=GB18030

--CHINESE TRADITIONAL--
Big5 charset=big5
CNS charset=x-Chinese-CNS
Eten charset=x-Chinese-Eten
Mac charset=x-mac-chinesetrad
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-TraditionalChinese

--CYRILLIC RUSSIAN, ETC.--
DOS charset=cp866
ISO charset=iso-8859-5
KOI8-R charset=koi8-r
KOI8-U charset=koi8-u
Mac charset=x-mac-cyrillic
Windows charset=windows-1251
IBM EBCDIC Russian charset=x-EBCDIC-CyrillicRussian
IBM EB… Serbian-Bulgarian charset=x-EBCDIC-CyrillicSerbianBulgarian

--EUROPA--
Europa charset=x-Europa

--GERMAN--
IA5 charset=x-IA5-German
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-Germany
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-germany-euro

--GREEK--
Greek DOS charset=ibm737
Greek ISO charset=iso-8859-7
Greek Mac charset=x-mac-greek
Windows charset=windows-1253
DOS charset=ibm869
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-GreekModern
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-Greek

--HEBREW--
DOS charset=DOS-862
ISO-Logical charset=iso-8859-8-i
ISO-Visual charset=iso-8859-8
Mac charset=x-mac-hebrew
Windows charset=windows-1255
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-Hebrew

--ICELANDIC—
DOS charset=ibm861
Mac charset=x-mac-icelandic
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-Icelandic
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-icelandic-euro

--INTERNATIONAL EUROPEAN
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-international-euro

--ITALIAN--
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-Italy
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-italy-euro

--ISCII Languages—
Assamese charset=x-iscii-as
Bengali charset=x-iscii-be
Devanagari charset=x-iscii-de
Gujarathi charset=x-iscii-gu
Kannada charset=x-iscii-ka
Malayalam charset=x-iscii-ma
Oriya charset=x-iscii-or
Panjabi charset=x-iscii-pa
Tamil charset=x-iscii-ta
Telugu charset=x-iscii-te

--JAPANESE—
EUC charset=euc-jp
EUC charset=x-euc-jp
JIS charset=iso-2022-jp
JIS-Allow 1 byte Kana - SO/SI charset=iso-2022-jp
JIS-Allow 1 byte Kana charset=csISO2022JP
Mac charset=x-mac-japanese
Shift-JIS charset=shift_jis
IBM EBCDIC Kaakana charset=x-EBCDIC-JapaneseAndKana
IBM EBCDIC Japanese-Latin charset=x-EBCDIC-JapaneseAndJapaneseLatin
IBM EBCDIC US-Canada charset=x-EBCDIC-JapaneseAndUSCanada
IBM EBCDIC katakana charset=x-EBCDIC-JapaneseKatakana

--KOREAN—
Korean charset=ks_c_5601-1987
EUC charset=euc-kr
ISO charset=iso-2022-kr
Johab charset=Johab
Mac charset=x-mac-korean
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-KoreanAndKoreanExtended
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-KoreanExtended

--LATIN—
ISO charset=iso-8859-3
ISO charset=iso-8859-15
Multilingual Latin charset=CP870

--NORWEGIAN—
IA5 charset=x-IA5-Norwegian

--OEM UNITED STATES—
IBM OEM charset=IBM437

--SWEDISH—
IA5 charset=x-IA5-Swedish

--TURKISH—
DOS charset=ibm857
ISO charset=iso-8859-9
Mac charset=x-mac-turkish
Windows charset=windows-1254
Latin-5 charset=CP1026
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-Turkish

--UNICODE—
Unicode charset=unicode
Unicode (Big-Endian) charset=unicodeFFFE
Unicode (UTF-7) charset=utf-7
Unicode (UTF-8) charset=utf-8

--US ASCII—
US-ASCII charset=us-ascii

--UNITED KINGDOM--
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-EBCDIC-UK
IBM EBCDIC charset=x-ebcdic-uk-euro

--US/CANADA--
IBM EBCDIC charset=ebcdic-cp-us
IBM EBCDIC –Euro charset=x-ebcdic-cp-us-euro

--VIATNAMESE—
Windows charset=windows-1258

--WESTERN EUROPEAN—
DOS charset=ibm850
IA5 charset=x-IA5
ISO charset=iso-8859-1
Mac charset=macintosh
Windows charset=Windows-1252

For more information on character sets, please see the links below:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Character_sets
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encoding
http://mcaf.ee/x9s0h
http://a4esl.org/c/charset.html

microchips' technology is based on proprietary reservoir arrays that are used to store and protect potent drugs within the body for long periods of time. These arrays are designed for compatibility with preprogrammed microprocessors, wireless telemetry, or sensor feedback loops to provide active control. Individual device reservoirs can be opened on demand or on a predetermined schedule to precisely control drug release or sensor activation.

Our reservoir-based platform can also be used in passive control systems without microprocessors or power sources. microchips' passive systems are designed to release or expose their contents based on the controlled degradation of polymeric matrices over time. These systems form the basis for miniature insertable devices that provide maximum flexibility for device placement.

Intellectual Property
Our intellectual property portfolio supports our platform technologies and commercial products in development with approximately 140 issued or pending patents. These patents range from microreservoir fabrication and control, to long-term implantable technologies and wireless communications, as well as protein and peptide formulations for challenging delivery conditions.

Source : http://www.mchips.com/technology/technology.html

One of the fastest growing areas of the camcorder market is models that use removable flash memory cards to store video footage. While camcorders have long included flash memory card slots for saving still photos, it’s only recently that they’ve started using flash memory cards to replace tape, DVD and hard drives as the main storage medium in a camcorder.

SD/SDHC Cards

Every camcorder manufacturer except Sony uses Secure Digital (SD)and its close cousin Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC) for their flash memory card-based camcorders. Some flash memory card makers such as Sandisk have begun marketing select SD and SDHC cards as “video” cards. But just because it calls itself a video card doesn’t mean it’s the right one for your camcorder. There are key differences you’ll have to be aware of.

SD/SDHC Card Capacities

SD cards are only available up to 2GB capacities, while SDHC cards are available in 4GB, 8GB, 16GB and 32GB capacities. The higher the capacity, the more video the card can store. If you’re purchasing a standard definition camcorder, you can get away with purchasing an SD card. If you’re considering a high definition camcorder that uses flash memory cards, you will need to purchase an SDHC card.

See this Beginners Guide to HD Camcorders for the difference between standard and high definition camcorders.

Compatibility

While there may be a few hidden exceptions, the overwhelming majority of camcorders on the market accept both SD and SDHC memory cards. If your camcorder says it’s compatible with SDHC cards, it can also accept SD cards. However, if it only accepts SD cards, it cannot accept SDHC cards.

Even if your camcorder accepts SDHC cards, it may not support all cards. Lower cost camcorders may not support higher capacity (16GB, 32GB) SDHC cards. You’ll have to dig around in the fine print to be sure that higher capacities cards are supported.

Speed

Speed matters. Especially when you’re capturing live audio and video using your digital camcorder, digital camera or digital audio recorder. As the demands of high definition video and audio increase,flash memory is stepping in as the de-facto solution for those who need high speed memory. High speed SD cards boast fast write times that ensure that no data is lost and that audio and video can be captured with minimal latency.

Choosing reliable, high speed SD cards is an obvious necessity. But the plurality of manufacturers offering SD cards makes it difficult to tell which is the fastest, or at least fast enough. The SD Association addresses this issue by maintaining a number of standards that help consumers choose SD cards based on speed.

Currently, the SD Association recognizes two Speed Classes: “Speed Class” and “UHS Speed Class.” Speed Class applies to SD, miniSD, microSD, SDHC, miniSDHC, microSDHC, SDXC and microSDXC cards. These are denoted by a class number within a C-shaped logo. The higher the class number, the faster the card. In order to bear the SD Speed Class logo, card manufacturers have to adhere to the minimum standards set out by the SD Association.

Class 2 is the slowest SD card speed. Class 2 has a write speed of about 2 Mb/s and is suitable for standard definition video recording. Class 4 and Class 6 have write speeds of about 4 Mb/s and 6 Mb/s, respectively, and can be used for HD video recording. These three classes of SD cards are designed to operate under the normal bus interface.

Class 10 SD cards have write speeds of 10 Mb/s and up and are designed to operate under the high speed bus interface.

Beyond Class 10 is the UHS Speed Class. UHS stands for ultra high speed and includes cards that have speeds up to 312 Mb/s. The UHS speed class logo includes a number contained within a U-shape. Currently, there is only one UHS speed class: UHS Speed Class 1, which is designed for the UHS bus interface. Cards in this class will usually be noted as SDHC UHS-I or SDXC UHS-I.

Note that in order to read/write to a SDHC UHS-I or SDXC UHS-I card, you’ll have to have a device that is capable of using both SDHC/SDXC and UHS-I cards. Note that you can use normal Speed Class cards in a device that supports UHS class cards.

What Speed Do You Need?

To help you find the right speed, SD/SDHC cards are broken down into four classes: Class 2, Class 4, Class 6 and Class 10. Class 2 cards offer a minimum sustained data rate of 2 megabytes per second (MBps), Class 4 of 4MBps and Class 6 of 6MBps and Class 10 of 10MBps. Depending on which manufacturer is selling the card, the speed class will either be prominently displayed or buried in the specs. Either way, look for it.

For standard definition camcorders, an SD/SDHC card with a Class 2 speed is all you would need. It’s fast enough to handle the highest quality standard definition video you can record. For high definition camcorders, you’re safest going with a Class 6 card. While you may be tempted to spring for a Class 10 card, you'll be paying for performance you don't need in a digital camcorder.

SDXC Cards

SDHC cards will be on the market for a while yet, but a successor has already arrived. The SDXC card looks like your average SD/SDHC card, but will eventually boast capacities as high as 2TB and data speeds as high as 300MBps. It will take years to hit those performance specs, of course, but it's fun imagining what type of camcorder would need such a high-powered card. To learn more about SDXC cards, see our buying guide here.

How to Remove Windows XP Login Password

After downloading fixes from Windows Updates page or via Automatic Updates, you may notice that Windows XP no longer logs into your account automatically. This is usually caused after the installation of .NET Framework from Microsoft. It creates an additional user account called ASP.NET, which you can see in the Control Panel User Accounts applet. But, you neither need to remove this update nor delete this account. You can still configure Windows XP to automatically login using this method.

If you want to enable or disable the prompt to type a username and password to get into Windows you can follow these steps.

1. Click Start and select Run.

2. Type control userpasswords2

3. Select the user you would like to use every time you login.

4. Uncheck or the box that says Users must enter a user name and password to use this computer to disable password screen and allow Windows to automatically login and bring users to the main screen. Check the box to enable username and password protection.

When installing Windows 7, Windows Vista or Windows XP for the first time, you should have been prompted to enter an Owner Name and Organization / Company name. Normally there’s never a need to change these settings however what if you entered in a typo or, what if your not the original owner and you want to change this information?

For instance, if you open up pretty much any application that comes with Windows and Click Help, About. You will see the Registered Owner and Organization Name.

Again, although not a big deal… just follow below….

So, unfortunately Windows 7, XP and Windows Vista doesn’t have an easy way to resolve this, however by following this How-To Tutorial, we can have you fixed up in just a few minutes.

Please note that before we start, the windows registry is very sensitive and you can easily make your computer inoperable if you don’t know what you are doing. That’s what this guide is here for!

1. To start, Click the Start Menu icon. Then Type in Regedit and Press Enter. The regedit program should appear above, Click Regedit to open it.

Note – Although the steps shown are for Windows 7 and Windows Vista, the process is the same for Windows XP. Just Click – Start, Run and type Regedit to open the Windows Registry Editor

2. The User Account Control will pop up, click Continue unless you have previous Disabled the Windows Vista UAC

3. Now that the registry is open, Navigate to to the following key location in the Tree Navigation Menu

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion

4. The two key entries to Modify are RegisteredOrganization and RegisterdOwner. To change them simply Double Click each entry to open the key editor and then Type your new name. To save changes click OK.

You can now close the Registry Editor if you are finished.

ISLAMABAD, Aug 11: Pakistan’s communications satellite, Paksat-1R, was launched on Thursday by China’s Satellite Launch Vehicle from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in Sichuan province.

A press release issued here said Defence Secretary Lt-Gen (retd) Syed Athar Ali, Foreign Affairs Secretary Salman Bashir, Strategic Plans Division’s director-general Lt-Gen (retd) Khalid Ahmed Kidwai and Ambassador to China Masood Khan witnessed the launch.

The satellite successfully separated from the carrier rocket and entered geostationary transfer orbit as scheduled, 26 minutes after the launch.

Paksat-1R has 30 transponders, 12 in C-band and 18 in Ku-band.

The satellite will be deployed at 380E in the geostationary orbit and it will replace the Paksat-1.It has a design life of 15 years and will provide TV broadcasting, Internet and data communications services in South and Central Asia, Eastern Europe, East
Africa and the Far East.

Pakistani engineers worked closely with their Chinese counterparts during all stages of development of the satellite in China. Some experimental units developed at Suparco were integrated for technology evaluation.—Agencies

Our Staff Reporter adds: President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani felicitated the nation on the successful launch of the satellite.

In a message, the president and the prime minister said the launch was an historic occasion as it placed Pakistan in the league of nations owning and operating communications satellites.

The president congratulated Suparco and all those whose combined efforts have made the successful launch possible. “They have done the nation proud,” he said.

The project was aimed to enhance the know-how of young scientists and engineers about communication satellite engineering. The philosophy was to design a satellite such as it would fly, however, while implementing the design, use commercial components to keep the cost low since the satellite will only be a functional lab model.

Prototype Paksat-1R is a communication satellite, which has three C-band Transponders as the communication payload. All the subsystems have been designed and developed indigenously. Integration and testing have also been performed. The project was completed in three years time.

The satellite bus comprised the following subsystems:

(i) Computer (based on Intel 80188EB microprocessor)

(ii) Power subsystem with the following main modules:

a. Power Distribution
b. Power Control
c. Battery Charging and Discharging
d. BAPTA

(iii) Telemetry subsystem

a.Microcontroller based
b.FPGA based

(iv) Telecommand subsystem

a.Microcontroller based
b.FPGA based

(v) Attitude and Orbit Determination and Control subsystem

(vi) S-band RF communication subsystem (for telemetry and telecommand)

(vii) Thermal Control subsystem

(viii) Satellite Structure

(ix) Mechanisms for:

a.Antenna Deployment
b.Solar Array Deployment

Pictures below show some of the subsystems and the complete satellite:

PakSat 1R Prototype

Analog Telemetry Acquisition                        C Band Transponder Unit

On Board Computer                                     Power Sub System  

Solar Array                                                      Satellite Structure

Regardless of fascinating, lightweight and very handy Tablets are, but they have lot of limitations to do than a traditional Laptop.

Here we see the limitations to a Tablet that you will still want to buy a Laptop but not a Tablet.

Laptops are cheaper

Cost is another issue with the Tablets? Due to compact technology Tablets are high prices than a laptop with latest accessories configurations.

Laptops are more robust

When kept in a bag there are chances of screen damage to a tablet but the lid over laptop take a good care of you laptop Screen.

Laptops offer a wider range of Games

Laptops offer a high graphical Videos Games which can be run from a DVD or Online but tablets offer only few traditional and single player games.

Laptops have more storage space

Even you can’t upgrade the storage capacity of iPAD2 over its designed 16GB.

Laptops have more type of ports for different connections

Can you bear this? Some tablets have even no USB ports!!! But with laptops you can connect a variety of external devices with various ports already provided, Even Some laptops are offering USB 3.0.

Laptops have faster Speeds

Yes I am going to talk about the main thing that an Electronic device is fighting for… That is Speed or Processor Speed. With Tablets you can do one or hardly two jobs at a time, but with a laptop run many task at a time, check emails, listen to songs, downloading files in background, opened and working of document files too with no compromise of speed and your work.

Laptops can be upgraded

With laptop running out of Storage space? Just upgrade the hard disk? It performs slow when you high graphical games? Upgrade the RAM! But what will you do with a tablet when you have no any option to upgrade things like?

Laptops are Really Portable PC

You can do the entire things with a laptop as with your Desktop PC, You can work with the most familiar and every day used Documents program, MS Office, though you would have few latest software with tablets to work with documents but those will be new and you will have to be accustomed with before working on that.

Laptops can support any type of files e.g. documents media files, games etc but you will always have limitations when doing same on tablets

Which tablet to Choose???

When buying a Tablet you are always confused that which platform tablet you should have! Either it should be Apple, Google Android, Blackberry or something else. Each platform has their specific and limited applications.

Charging Your Mobile Phones

With a laptop you need a USB cable to connect with your Mobile and charge it but with a Tablet you need to carry chargers and adapters for both tablet and Mobile.

Source : http://www.networkpcworld.com

Google's Containers based Data Centre comprising of 45,000 servers slot in 45 containers. Google recently made this video public which reveals plenty of information regarding its Data Center that was setup back in 2005.



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